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Materials and methods Animals and experimental conditionsĪdult male albino mice (weighing 20-30 g) were kept in polypropylene cages with free access to food and water, under standardized housing conditions (natural light-dark cycle, temperature of 23☑0C, relative humidity of 55±5%), were used. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of rosuvastatin on learning and memory in mice against scopolamine-induced amnesia. However, the potential of statins in dementia of vascular origin still remains to be explored and deserves further investigation this field of research was found to be fertile. Although, there are a few studies showing cognitive decline, some studies showing no effect on memory, yet few studies suggest improvement of cognitive functions with statin therapy. However, there are conflicting observations regarding the effect of statins on cognitive functions. Įpidemiological studies have suggested that individuals above 50 years of age, who were receiving statins, had a substantially lowered risk of developing dementia, independent of the presence or absence of untreated hyperlipidemia, or exposure to non-statin lipid-lowering drugs. Statins have been shown to reduce the risk of ischemic stroke and related memory impairment by a variety of mechanisms. Moreover, there is an emerging data indicating that statins exert neuroprotective and antioxidant actions. Statins in additions to their cholesterol lowering action are known to possess many cholesterol independent actions including favorable effect on vascular endothelium. Very recently, the focus has been directed towards statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors), which are most widely prescribed drugs for dyslipidemias. However, an agent that should improve both endothelial dysfunction and associated dementia still need to be explored. Cholinesterase inhibitors, calcium channel blockers and glutamate antagonists are few classes of pharmacological agents which are being clinically explored to reduce symptomatically the impact of cognitive dysfunction associated with vascular dementia. Only limited therapeutic interventions are available to reduce the incidence of dementia due to decline of learning and memory of individuals. Hence, experimental studies and treatment approaches focused on drugs that increase levels of acetylcholine in the brain to compensate for losses of cholinergic function of the brain. Although there are several neuronal pathways and neurotransmitters were involved in the process of learning and memory and on the basis of experimental as well as clinical evidences, central cholinergic system is considered as the most important neurotransmission system which is involved in regulation of cognitive functions. Amnesia is mainly characterized by loss of memory ability sufficiently and interferes with one’s occupational or social activities and it is one of the common causes which leads to a condition called dementia which is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with loss of neurons in distinct brain areas. Memory is one of the vital ability of an individuals to record events, preserve information and retain them over short and long periods.
#Any maze latency to esacpe plus
Rosuvastatin, learning and memory, elevated plus maze, morris water maze, scopolamine Introduction
![any-maze latency to esacpe any-maze latency to esacpe](https://os.bio-protocol.org/attached/image/20180226/20180226224756_1993.jpg)
In MWM test, rosuvastatin treatment showed significant decrease in escape latency period (p<0.05) when compared to scopolamine treated animals The results confirm that, scopolamine impaired learning and memory process in animals, whereas administration of ROSS significantly ameliorated scopolamine induced amnesia in both elevated plus maze and Morris water maze test as indicated by significant reduction (p<0.05) in transfer latency (TL) (p<0.05) and escape latency (EL) respectively, hence it can be concluded that, that rosuvastatin improves cognitive functions against scopolamine-induced amnesia in mice. Whereas piracetam and rosuvastatin received animals showed significant decrease (p<0.05) in transfer latency period when compared to scopolamine treated animals. In EPM model, scopolamine received animals showed significant increase in transfer latency on day 7 and 14 when compared to control animals. Cognitive skills of the animals were examined after the induction of amnesia by using elevated plus maze (EPM), Morris water maze (MWM). Experiments were carried out on 20 adult albino mice, divided into 4 groups and the experimental animals were treated for 14 days with ROSS (10mg/kg.p.o).To induce amnesia, scopolamine 3 mg/kg ip was administered intraperitoneally.
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The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of rosuvastatin (ROSS) on learning and memory on scopolamine (SCOP) induced amnesia in mice.